图画作文

　　第一：对图画进行描述：第二：透过画面点出图画的寓意；第三：发表议论、提出问题方法和建议。

　　背诵1

　　As is shown in the pictures，（From the pictures，we can seeclearthat）with the increase of commercial fishing， the number offishesdramatically decreased. In one picture，there were variouskinds offish and only one fishing-boat in 1900. On the contrary，in1995there was only one fish，with many fishing-boats.

　　The purpose of this picture is to show us that due attentionhasto be paid to the decline of ocean resources. Owing tooverfishingthe number of fishes has obviously dropped. If we letthissituation go/continue as it is，we do not know where fish willbe inthe future. By that time，our environment will suffer agreatdestruction.

　　Therefore，it is imperative for us to take drastic measures.Forone thing，we should appeal to our authorities to make strictlawsto control commercial fishing. For another，we should enhancetheawareness of people that the ocean resources are very vital tous.Only in this way can we protect our ocean resources. Also Ibelievethat we humans can overcome this difficulty，and we will haveabcenterer future.

　　Directions：沙进我退，我进沙退

　　A. Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essayinabout 200 words.

　　B. Your essay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ。

　　C. Your essay should meet the requirements below：

　　1. Describe the cartoon（对图画进行描述）and themessageconveyed（透过画面点出图画的寓意）

　　2. Draw a conclusion and give your comment onthecartoon.（发表议论、提出问题方法和建议）

　　背诵2

　　From the pictures，we can see clearly the relationshipbetweenpeople and the deserts. In the first picture，people arefleeingfrom greedy sand hills because they cut down all the trees.Thecaption reads：As the sand advances，we retreat. In thesecondpicture，the people have returned carrying tools，water andyoungtrees to plant the land again. The caption reads：As weadvance，thesand retreats.（描述）

　　It seems to me that the cartoonist is sending a message abouttheimportance of trees in water and soil conservation， and theneedfor everyone to fight against the danger of desertification.Infact，what he is saying is if we do not fight against thesandhills，the sandhiills will drive us away from the land. （Infact，what heis saying is that the sandhills will drive us away fromthe land ifwe do not fight against them.）If we let this situationgo as itis，our environment will suffer a great destruction.（寓意）

　　The best way to fight back against the greedy desert is madeclearin the second picture. There the local people are activelysettingabout the task of planting trees to reclaim（改造）the land andmakeit（代词的使用）fertile. The fact that（同位语）there are three people inthepicture each with a differentjob（逻辑独立主谓结构，介词短语表示动态概念），suggestthat（事实说明）working together is thekey to success in the battleagainst soil erosion.（措施、建议）

　　隐形杀手

　　Directions

　　A. Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essayinabout 200 words.

　　B. Your essay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ

　　C. Your essay should meet the requirements below：

　　1. Describe the cartoon and the message conveyed

　　2. Draw a conclusion and give your comment on the cartoon

　　背诵3

　　Pollution is becoming more and more serious all over the world.Asis shown in the cartoon，two cars are giving off waste gas andthreepeople are trying to avoid breathing in the poisonous gas bymaskingtheir face with their hands. The poisonous gas sent offbyfactories，domestic appliances and automobiles has made theairunhealthy for people to breathe.（对图画进行描述）

　　There is no denying that automobiles are indicationsofcivilization，progress and development；nevertheless，automobilescause the serious problem of air pollution. Scientistshave warnedthat unless effective measures are taken， the problem ofpollutionwill eventually get out of hand. Actually，people areshowing a realconcern over the problem. For example，there is anincreasingly loudvoice from the public（公众）for firm action againstpollution fromautomobiles.（寓意）

　　Indeed，the earth is our home and we have the duty to take careofit for ourselves and for our descendants. In my opinion，weshouldwork out concrete solutions to the problem of pollutionfrompoisonous gas given off by automobiles. For example，theautomobilesshould be equipped with a device which can dispose ofwaste gas soas to prevent it from polluting air. Only in this waycan we reallysolve the problem of air pollution causedbyautomobiles.（措施、建议）

　　产销会

　　Directions：

　　A. Write an essay that conveys the information in thefollowingchart/graph/picture/drawing/cartoon accompanied byyourcomments.

　　B. Time limit：40 minutes

　　C. Word limit：no less than 150 words

　　D. Your essay should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET.

　　背诵4

　　This picture shows two people reading the announcement onabillboard，and being shocked at the message. This is becausethebillboard is advertising a Sale of Dead Bodies The cartoon isacriticism of the careless use of simplified characters.

　　Obviously，the advertiser wants to inform people of the saleofsomething else- not dead bodies！But we dont know whatitis，because the three characters which make up the message areusedincorrectly. Nowadays too many people not only do not takeenoughcare to write properly，they even invent their own simplifiedwaysof writing.

　　Simplifying the old，complicated characters has been agreatbenefit，enabling people to learn to read and write quickly.But weshould stick to the standard simplified characters，make surethatwe use them properly，and definitely not make up our ownsimplifiedcharacters. Otherwise，what was intended to makecommunicationeasier could result in making it more difficult

　　图画+提纲+场景

　　2001年写作考题评分标准及样卷

　　Directions：

　　Among all the worthy feelings of mankind，love is probablythenoblest，but everyone has his/her own understanding ofit.（不是重心，不能展开 ）

　　There has been a discussion recently on the issue in anewspaper.Write an essay to the newspaper to

　　1） show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of thepicturebelow，（描述，寓意）

　　2） give a specific example，and（举例）

　　3） give your suggestion as to the best way to show love.Youshould write about （建议措施）

　　200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. （20 points）

　　Sample 1（235词15句）

　　背诵5

　　（Among all the worthy feelings of mankind，love is probablythenoblest. ）删除，败笔，机械抄袭命题语言Love is of the utmost importance toushumans. Everybody not only needs love，but also should giveotherslove.

　　As can be seen in the picture，love is a lamp which isbcentererin darker places This is indeed true. People in darkerplaces needmore light than other people. Maybe even a dim light cangive themmuch hope for a better life. Maybe just a thread of lightwill callforth their strength and courage to help them step out oftheirdifficulties.

　　I can think of no better illustration of this idea thanthefollowing examples.（Numerous examples can be given easily，butthesewill suffice<足够>For instance when someone is starvingtodeath，just a little food and water from you may savehis（her）life.Again，when a little girl in a poor rural area dropsout of schoolbecause of poverty，just a small sum of money from youmay supporther t o finish school and change her life. In thesecircumstancesyou have given love which is like a lamp in a darkplace wherelight is most needed.

　　To sum up，we should offer our help to all the needed. We expecttoget love from others and we also give love to others. So whenyousee someone in difficulty or in distress and in need ofhelp，donthesitate to give your love to him （her）。I believe thattherelationship between people will be harmonious and our societywillbe a better place for us to live in. （20分）

　　9个句子242单词 加深两点认识：老师写的，全是复杂句子

　　1. 文章趋势是复杂句子，基本上拿不到高分。

　　2. 全是简单句子，也不行。

　　*考试，考英语面掌握的宽度。句型多变化

　　2001年作文范文

　　背诵6

　　When we use the word love we do not simply mean an attractiontoa person of the opposite sex，which is a very narrow definitionofthe word. The picture below illustrates the real meaning oflove，bystressing the fact that love is emotional strength，whichcan supportus no matter how dark the world around us becomes.Infact，throughout history people of many different cultureshaveregarded love as the noblest of human emotions.

　　As an example of the power of love，we should remr how theChinesepeople of all nationalities respond to the call to help thevictimsof natural disasters every year. Although their incomes arestilllow by international standards， people all over the countrydo nothesitate to donate whatever they can-be it money or goods-tohelptheir needy fellow citizens. Moreover，they do this with nothoughtof gain for themselves.

　　In my opinion，the best way to show love is to help people whoaremore unfortunate than we are. We should always be ready to giveahelping hand to those who are in trouble，no matter whether theyarefamily mrs or complete strangers. In this way，we can help tomakethe world a better place，for， as the picture shows，the darkertheshadows of sorrow become，the more bcenterly the lamp ofloveshines

　　图表作文

　　粗线条；原因，没点拓展一下；措施建议

　　99年 作文 （三）评卷实例

　　Directions：

　　A. Study the following graphs carefully and write an essay inatleast 150 words.

　　B. Your essay must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ。

　　C. Your essay should cover these three points：

　　1. effect of the countrys growing human population onitswildlife（描述图表，想大于现状，粗线条的描写）

　　2. Possible reason for the effect

　　3. Your suggestion for wildlife protection

　　样卷1. 得分14 15句话

　　背诵7

　　From these graphs，we can draw a conclusion that，with the growthofhuman population，the number of species has decreased rapidlyinAmerica，and some species have even vanished from ourplanet.33

　　Why does this phenomenon appear？I think there are severalpossiblereasons for this. First，with a rapid growth ofpopulation（as thehuman population expands），more and more peoplecame to（逐渐开始）livewhere some wild species have been living. Thenthese species have tomove to other places. Some of them probablycannot adapt to the newenvironment and die. Second，although manypeople look on thewildlife as their friends，some people may notthink so. They catch alot of wild animals and sell them in orderto get more money.Third，with the development of industry， thenatural balance and theecological environment are destroyed. Thedeforestation（采伐森林）hasbecome more and more serious. So锁定这一段 someof the wild lives becomehomeless and extinct. 123

　　In order to protect the wildlife，I have somesuggestions.First，the government s should make laws to prevent themfrom beingcaught and killed. Second，the governments should educatepeople tolove nature and protect it. Third，as for ours elves，weshould takepractical actions to protect our living environment.

　　在写一些文章时，不可避免的会有一些核心概念，避免重复。

　　①人口增长 野生动物 灭绝 构成威胁

　　THE UPS AND DOWNS OF POPULATION GROWTH

　　背诵8

　　The two charts show that the ①increase in the U.S. populationhasbeen accompanied by a corresponding decline in the numberofwildlife species. Far too many species have been lost already.Thisposes a danger to the ecological balance.

　　As the human population ②expands，more and more wild animalsarehunted for food，or because they are thought to present a threattoman. But studies show that one of the primary causes ofthedisappearance of wildlife is pollution，which is one oftheconsequences of population ③growth and economic development.Thismakes us wonder if man is able to share this planet in harmonywithother life forms.

　　In my opinion，it is imperative（迫切的）to take steps to reversethedisturbing（令人困惑的）trend illustrated in the charts. One measurewouldbe to forbid the building of cities in areas where wild lifeisthreatened with extinction. But，more importantly，man must learntostop polluting the environment，or he himself willbecomeextinct.

　　举例时，有两种方式：

　　1. 举几个例子，每个例子都是高度浓缩，高度的提炼。

　　2. 举一个例子，把这个例子细化。

　　最后要有一个主题句，在后面锁定段落

　　范文十一

　　Statistics in Peoples Daily Expenses in Xian

　　Year Item 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

　　Food 66 61 48 41 36

　　Clothing 9 10 12 15 18

　　Recreation 4 5 8 9 11

　　Others 21 24 32 35 35

　　Total 100 100 100 100 100

　　背诵9

　　What is shown in the table above indicates that dramaticchangeshave taken place in the peoples daily expenses in Xianfrom 1995to 1999. The expenses on food have declined by 30% whilethose onclothing and recreation have increased respectively by 9%and 7%.The statistics of rise and fall seem to exist in isolationbutclosely related to one another.

　　There are two factors accounting for these changes. Developmentineconomy is an essential one in the five years. The increasedincomeresulting from economic growth plays an important part inthe lessexpense on food. Hence，a small percentage of total incomeis enoughto cover food expense. Another one is the changes in lifestyle.When food presents no worry to the average，people begin tofocusmore of interest on handsome appearance and happy leisuretime. As aresult of such a shift，spending on clothing andrecreation increasesyear after year.

　　From the analyses made above，we may come to the conclusionthatpeoples living standards in Xian have been constantlyimprovedbetween 1995 and 1999. With the further growth in economyand morechanges in life style，the tendency indicated in the tablewillcontinue in the better direction.

　　图表作文的变体

　　A. Write an essay that conveys the information in thefollowingchart/graph/picture/drawing/cartoon accompanied by yourcomments.（1信息〈具体的描述〉 2 对信息的看法）

　　B. Time limit

　　C. Word limit

　　写法：第一段依然是粗线条的描述

　　第二段进行深入细致的描述*图表语言*

　　第三段发表个人的评论

　　第1种 分析背后的原因

　　第2种 对图表的发展趋势，发表个人的看法

　　第3种 一般性的评论（原因、趋势）

　　1. 这种提醒考的是科研能力。 要会观察现象、看数据，会分析里面的规律性的东西

　　2. 考论证的能力。 观点是来自数据、图表本身；规律性的东西——观点；数举行的东西——论证支持。

　　3. 图表本身暗示作者的立场。

　　4. 一切的一切来源于图表。

　　考科研能力；考语言能力。

　　Directions：

　　Widespread tobacco consumption has led to graveconsequences，yetthe tobacco companies still claim that they make avaluablecontribution to the world economy.

　　There is a discussion in a newspaper on the abovetwoviewpoints.

　　Write an essay to the newspaper

　　1） criticizing their view and

　　2） justify your stand.

　　In your essay，make full use of the information provided inthepictures printed below.

　　You should write about 200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

　　把图看懂，图的导向是什么，以此明确你的立场。

　　背诵1

　　0

　　The majority of people would agree that cigarette smokinghascaused serious problems. But the tobacco companies insist thattheycontribute greatly to the world economy by paying taxes tothegovernment and employing hundredsofworkers.（当他的情景部分是两个观点，而图表本身又暗示了一个观点，在第一段要点击对方的观点，但是绝对不展开。也不要写的太长。）

　　Personally，I believe that cigarette production andconsumptionthreatens to do more harm than good. Firstly， smokingisresponsible for（是造成什么原因）many fatal diseases such aslungcancer，heart diseases and so on. According to thesurvey，tobaccoconsumers account for about 20% of the worldpopulation，and amongthem，three mill ion people die fromsmoking-related diseases everyyear. The fact that the output oftobacco production is reducedfrom 143.64 billion pounds in 1994 to142 billion pounds in 1995also suggests that people have come torealize the negative effectsof smoking. Secondly，tobaccoconsumption is extremely wasteful ofmoney. As is indicated in thepictures，200 billion US dollars islost due to smoking each year.Obviously，the total loss of moneyaround the globe substantiallyexceeds（大大超过）the gain in theindustry.（*全部来源于数据*仅是描述）

　　表层结构写出来，思考就生成观点。数据就变成论证。（不能这么写）

　　特殊要求：图表语言

　　In conclusion，as the economic development aims at making ourlifebetter，we cannot sacrifice our health for short-termfinancialbenefits. If we have to spend more and more moneyproviding medicalservices for those who suffer from smoking-relatedillnesses，thenotion of promoting economy via tobacco production isnotjustifiable. It is high time that we fought for the totaltobaccoban

　　Directions：

　　A. Write an essay discussing the two opposite opinionsgivenbelow，give both some reasons，and make your commentsorsuggestions.

　　There are two main opinions concerning the development ofprivatecars in China：One maintains that their free developmentshould beencouraged，while the other argues that it must besternlyrestricted.

　　B. Time limit：40 minutes

　　C. Word limit：about 200 words

　　D. Your essay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ。

　　背诵1

　　1

　　Should the development of private cars be encouraged orrestrictedin China？To judge this issue，we should look at threeaspects：Whatare the advantages of private cars；what are theirdisadvantages；andis China ready for the free development ofprivate cars？

　　First of all，the private car is a symbol of freedom. It enablesanindividual or a family to travel anywhere and at anytime，withoutrelying on public transport. It is convenient forshopping andtransporting children to and from school. Moreover，inthe case ofillness，it can carry its owner or other sick person t ohospitalwithout delay.

　　However，too many private cars can lead to trafficjams，thusslowing down life and work rather than speeding it up.Inaddition，automobiles are major polluter s of theatmosphere.And，last but not least，the more cars there are on theroads，themore traffic accidents occur. It seems to me that China，atitspresent stage of development，should restrict the number ofprivatecars. For one thing，it would be a waste of resources tobuild ahuge automobile industry at a time when only a few peoplecanafford to buy cars. For another，the country must firstbringpollution under control before adding to the problem withmorecars

　　Directions：

　　A. Title：How to Improve Or Reform Our Current CollegeEntranceExamination System.

　　B. Time limit：40 minutes

　　C. Word limit：about 200 words

　　D. Your essay should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ。

　　E. Your essay should be based on the information given below.

　　目前我国高考竞争愈演愈烈。每年考生人数近300万，而录取率在40%以下，多数考生肯定要落选。这给考生、考生的家庭和学校，乃至整个社会，都造成了很大压力，引发了一些社会问题。此外，不同类型或特点的考生用同一模式和难度的试卷，有欠公允；三天的考试成绩便决定一个人的未来命运，亦不够合理。如何解决这些问题，改革现行的高考制度？我的意见是…。（看成三点：1 现状 2原因3建议措施）

　　背诵1

　　2

　　Statistics show that no more than 40% of people who takethecollege entrance exams pass. Because a college educationisregarded as the key to a successful career，this putsenormouspressure on the applicants. It also causes socialproblems，as thosewho fail consider that they have disgraced theirfamilies.

　　It seems to me that the exams are unfair，forthreereasons：First，applicants with different abilities are facedwiththe same type of exam paper，second，the results of a mere threedaysof examination affect the applicants wholefuture；andthird，applicants who can afford private tutors usuallyscore highermarks than those who are poorer，but perhaps moreintelligent.

　　To improve the system of college entrance exams，I suggestthefollowing steps：the exam papers should be graded to takeintoaccount the different levels of ability and thedifferentbackgrounds of the applicants；in addition to the actualexam，acomplete assessment of the applicants educationalachievementsshould be made；and tutoring in examination techniquesshould bemade available to all

　　背诵1

　　3

　　Perhaps the most interesting person I have ever met is anItalianprofessor of philosophy who teaches at the University ofPisa.Although I last met this man eight years ago，I have notforgottenhis special qualities.

　　First of all，I was impressed from the beginning by his devotiontoteaching. Because his lectures were always well=prepared andclearlydelivered，students always swarmed into his classroom. Hisfollowersalso appreciated the fact that he believed in what hetaught andthat he was always stimulating. （引人入胜的）Furthermore hecould becounted on in every class session to explain his ideas inanimaginative way， introducing such aids to student understandingasoil paintings，phonograph records，pieces of sculpture，andguestlecturers. Once he even sang a song in class in order toillustratea point.

　　Second，I admired the fact that he would confer withstudentsoutside of the classroom or talk with them on thetelephone.Drinking coffee in the snack bar，he would easily makefriends withstudents. Sometimes he would challenge a student tojoin with him agame of chess. At other times，he would quite readilyjoin groups todiscuss subjects ranging from astronomy to scubadiving. Many youngpeople visited him in his office for academicadvice；others came tohis home for social evenings.

　　Finally，I was impressed and attracted by his lively wit.Hebelieved that no class hour is a success unless the studentsandthe professor share several chuckles and at least one loudlaugh.Through his sense of humor，he made learning much moreenjoyable andlasting. If it is true that life makes a wise mansmile and afoolish man cry，then my friend is truly a wise man.Probably thebest example of his wit is this idea with which he onceended alecture ：It is as dangerous for man to model himself up onhisinvention，the machine，as it would be for God to model himselfuponHis invention.

　　重视语言的表达（实质性的涨分）

　　There is a growing concern over the students who do not puttoomuch emphasis on study. Some students always idle awaytheirtime（消磨时光），playing cards，drinking，gambling. These problemsarereally serious. Taking into account all these factors，we cansafelycome to the conclusion that the students will waste more timeifthey do not make good use of it.